Network Learning Studio
Master Network Basics
Learn interactive IPv4 subnetting and TCP handshake from scratch.
Choose a module and start your journey through network fundamentals.
Learning Topics
75 interaktive Lernkarten zu 5 Themen: IP-Adressen, OSI/TCP, Verkabelung, Topologien und WLAN.
IPv4 Subnetting
Lerne IP-Adressen lesen, Subnetzmasken berechnen und Netzwerke aufteilen — interaktiv mit Übungsaufgaben.
TCP Handshake
Verstehe den 3-Wege-Handschlag Schritt für Schritt mit animierter Diagramm-Darstellung und Erklärungen.
Built for learning
Leitfragen — Netzwerktechnik
Wähle ein Thema und lerne interaktiv mit Lernkarten. Tippe auf eine Karte, um die Antwort aufzudecken.
IPv4 Subnetting
Understand IP addresses, subnet masks and how networks are divided.
How does subnetting work?
An IPv4 address consists of 32 bits, written as 4 octets (e.g. 192.168.1.0).
The subnet mask divides the address into network and host portions. /24 means: 24 bits for the network, 8 bits for hosts.
The network address has all host bits set to 0, the broadcast address all set to 1.
Usable hosts = 2^(host bits) - 2 (minus network and broadcast address).
Practice task
TCP Handshake
Understand the 3-way handshake and connection control step by step.
The TCP 3-way handshake
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) uses a 3-way handshake to establish a reliable connection:
The client sends a SYN (Synchronize) packet with a random sequence number to the server to request a connection.
The server responds with SYN-ACK: It acknowledges the client's sequence number (ACK = Seq + 1) and sends its own sequence number.
The client acknowledges the server's sequence number (ACK = ServerSeq + 1). The connection is now established!
Flag overview
SYN: SYN: Synchronizes sequence numbers
ACK: ACK: Acknowledges received data
FIN: FIN: Terminates the connection
RST: RST: Resets the connection
PSH: PSH: Push data immediately
URG: URG: Urgent data
Terminate connection (4-way)
To terminate a TCP connection, a 4-way handshake is used:
FIN: FIN: The client sends FIN to close the connection.
ACK: ACK: The server acknowledges the FIN.
FIN: FIN: The server sends its own FIN.
ACK: ACK: The client acknowledges the server's FIN. Connection closed.